两周废寝忘食的创作终于成功了，现在拿出来分享一下。
先不说别的看一下程序运行效果图，我没怎么设计ui所以界面不是很好看但是能说明问题～～～
现在我们来看看实现这个功能需要些什么准备工作，我们需要网络信息抓取工具一般windows可以用httpwatch我是mac系统所以我详细介绍一下mac上面的工具
1.Charles 2.Google Chrome
接下来就可以进行网页信息抓包了,先看一下我们学校的教务网页
对浏览器抓包我使用的是Charles首先要配置成下图这个样子然后才可以抓包
首先对登录信息进行网址分析时要找下面这张截图上的信息
然后对获取验证码地址进行分析
我们在response中可以看到返回信息。
然后我们需要下载一个解析HTML源码的架构包叫Jsoup放到libs目录下然后右键选择
as library
这些就准备好了然后我们来看一小段HTML代码方便解析时候讲解
<tr>
<th>学年</th>
<th>学期 </th>
<th>课程号</th>
<th>课序号</th>
<th>课程名</th>
<th>选课属性</th>
<th>课组</th>
<th>学分</th>
<th>平时</th>
<th>期末</th>
<th>总评</th>
<th>是否缓考</th>
<th>考试性质</th>
<th>备注</th>
<th>主讲教师</th>
<th>课程类别</th>
</tr>
可以看到我们需要的信息都被一个一个的标签包裹着，Jsoup所做的就是将我们需要的信息从标签里剥离出来。
然后我们来看代码实现，我这里分了两个Activity来实现
1.MainActivity
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
//使用SharedPreferences进行用户的用户名密码以及cookie的保存
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences;
SharedPreferences.Editor editor;
private EditText studentNumber;
private EditText passWord;
private EditText idCode;
private Bitmap bitmap;
private ImageView IdcodeImage;
//注意这里Handler使用的是import android.os.Handler;这个包
private Handler handler;
private Button logIn;
String StudentNumber;
String PassWord;
String IdCode;
String groupId="";
String login="登录";
//这条是解析出来进行获取验证码的图片的网址
String url2="http://jw.djtu.edu.cn/academic/getCaptcha.do";
//这条是解析出来进行提交登录信息的网址
String url3="http://jw.djtu.edu.cn/academic/j_acegi_security_check";
//这里使用HttpClient进行数据的获取和提交
HttpClient client;
@Override
protected void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//初始化控件
initEvent();
//获取验证码
getIdCode();
//对我们的验证码绑定一个单击响应事件，这是为了去实现验证码看不清时再更新一张验证码而用
IdcodeImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
getIdCode();
}
});
//对登录按钮绑定单击响应事件
logIn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
saveEvent();
loginEvent();
}
});
}
public void initEvent()
{
//实例化HttpClient对象
client=new DefaultHttpClient();
//sharedPreferences第一个参数是给你保存的信息起个名字，第二个参数设置为Context.MODE_PRIVATE属性，
// 这样会避免其他应用可以直接访问我们保存的信息
sharedPreferences=getSharedPreferences("params", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
//实例化SharedPreferences.Editor对象
editor=sharedPreferences.edit();
studentNumber=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.studentNumber);
passWord=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.key);
IdcodeImage=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.passImage);
idCode=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.identifyingCode);
logIn=(Button)findViewById(R.id.login);
//实例化Handler对象方便线程之间通信
handler =new Handler();
}
public void getIdCode()
{
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
//我们需要同步Cookie信息所以从验证码开始就需要获取Cookie
List<Cookie> cookies1;
//HttpGet来发送获取验证码请求
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url2);
//声明一个HttpResponse
HttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
//实例化HttpResponse
httpResponse = client.execute(httpGet);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//如果服务器响应成功
if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
try {
//使用输入流来接受数据
InputStream in = httpResponse.getEntity().getContent();
//bitmap来获取数据流中的图片信息
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in);
//关闭输入流
in.close();
String Cookies;
//获取Cookie
cookies1 = ((AbstractHttpClient) client).getCookieStore().getCookies();
Cookies = "JSESSIONID="+cookies1.get(0).getValue().toString();
//System.out.println(Cookies);
//在SharedPreferences中保存cookie
editor.putString("Cookies", Cookies);
//提交保存数据
editor.commit();
//通过handler.post方法在线程中更新主线程中的验证码图片信息
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
if (bitmap != null) {
IdcodeImage.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
}
}
});
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}.start();
}
public void saveEvent()
{
//获取输入信息，并保存为做记住密码来铺垫
StudentNumber =studentNumber.getText().toString();
PassWord =passWord.getText().toString();
IdCode = idCode.getText().toString();
//这里写入StudentNumber和PassWord是为了做记住密码登录
editor.putString("StudentNumber", StudentNumber);
editor.putString("PassWord", PassWord);
editor.putString("IdCode", IdCode);
editor.commit();
}
public void loginEvent()
{
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
//提交数据用List<NameValuePair>的方式
List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
//这里的名称不要有多余的符号，因为提交数据时httppost方法会帮你维护数据
//这里表单的数据顺序要按照刚刚解析所显示的顺序排列
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("groupId", groupId));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("j_username", StudentNumber));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("login",login));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("j_password", PassWord));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("j_captcha", IdCode));
System.out.println(params);
try {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url3);
String Cookies;
//获取到刚刚在获取验证码时得到的Cookie
Cookies = sharedPreferences.getString("Cookies", null);
//System.out.println(Cookies);
//提交数据做准备
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8));
//同步cookie
httpPost.setHeader("Cookie", Cookies);
//获取返回的信息
HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost);
String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
//System.out.println(result);
//这里我们不仅需要保证服务器正常响应，而且还要知道当我们登陆失败时是什么原因导致的
if(!result.contains("错误提示")&&httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200)
{
startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this, Score_find.class));
}
else
{
if(result.contains("密码不匹配"))
{
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "密码不匹配或用户名错误!!!请重新输入", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
//当登陆失败时上一张验证码的图片已经失效因此需重新加载
getIdCode();
}
});
}else if(result.contains("验证码错误")||result.contains("验证码不正确"))
{
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "验证码错误!!!请重新输入", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
getIdCode();
}
});
}
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
}
}
2.Score_find Activity
public class Score_find extends ActionBarActivity{
private String Cookies;
HttpClient client;
private String url="http://jw.djtu.edu.cn/academic/manager/score/studentOwnScore.do?groupId=&moduleId=2021";
private String year=null;
private String trem=null;
private String para="0";
private String sortColumn="";
private String Submit="查询";
private TextView showScore;
private EditText InputYear;
private EditText InputTrem;
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences;
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
private Handler handler=null;
private Button searchButton;
//这两个标记是用于判断用户输入的数据是否合法
private int mark1=0;
private int mark2=0;
@Override
protected void onCreate(final Bundle saveInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(saveInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.score_find);
initEvent();
searchButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String years=null,trems=null;
years=InputYear.getText().toString();
trems=InputTrem.getText().toString();
System.out.println(years+trems);
//输入信息的判断
if("春".equals(trems))
{
trem="1";
mark1=1;
System.out.println(trems+"\t"+trem);
}else if("秋".equals(trems))
{
trem="2";
mark1=1;
}else
{
mark1=0;
Toast.makeText(Score_find.this,"输入学期有误请重新输入！",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
if("2014".equals(years))
{
year="34";
mark2=1;
System.out.println(years+"\t"+year);
}else if("2015".equals(years))
{
year="35";
mark2=1;
}
else
{
mark2=0;
Toast.makeText(Score_find.this,"输入年份有误请重新输入！",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
//如果两个信息都输入合法则提交请求
if(mark1==1&&mark2==1) {
//是耗时操作都要放到新线程里执行
getScore();
}
}
});
}
public void initEvent()
{
InputTrem=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.InputTrem);
InputYear=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.InputYear);
searchButton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.searchButton);
showScore=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.show_score);
//设置showScore可以滚动
showScore.setMovementMethod(ScrollingMovementMethod.getInstance());
handler=new Handler()
{
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message message)
{
//加载信息
showScore.setText(sb.toString());
}
};
sharedPreferences = getSharedPreferences("params", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
Cookies=sharedPreferences.getString("Cookies", null);
showScore=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.show_score);
client=new DefaultHttpClient();
}
public void analysisText(String results)
{
//这里使用jsoup开源的解析包进行html源码的解析
//获取要解析的网址或者文档或者网址
Document document = Jsoup.parse(results);
//经过分析成绩保存在datalist这个Class中因此要定位到这个类中
Elements elements = document.getElementsByClass("datalist");
//获取他的第一个元素集合
Element element = elements.get(0);
//再分析可以看到在tr标签下有成绩的详细信息
Elements elements1 = element.getElementsByTag("tr");
Element element2;
Elements elements3;
Element element3;
Element element4;
for (int i = 0; i < elements1.size(); i++) {
//剥离每一个标签
element2 = elements1.get(i);
//再重新定位td标签下的内容
elements3 = element2.getElementsByTag("td");
for (int j = 0; j < elements3.size(); j++) {
//这里为了获取td标签中的子元素要进行一个循环
if (j == 0) {
//我发现我要的课程名和成绩分别在elements3集合中的第5个元素和第11个元素
element3 = elements3.get(4);
element4 = elements3.get(10);
sb.append(element3.text()).append(":").append("\t\t").append(element4.text()).append("\n");
} else {
break;
}
}
}
//数据获取完成通知组件重绘信息
handler.sendEmptyMessage(0);
}
public void getScore()
{
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run()
{
HttpResponse httpResponse;
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("year", year));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("term", trem));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("para", para));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("sortColumn", sortColumn));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("Submit", Submit));
System.out.println(params);
httpPost.setHeader("Cookie", Cookies);
try {
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8));
httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost);
if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String result;
InputStream inputStream = httpResponse.getEntity().getContent();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8"));
String data = "";
//读取得到的数据
while ((data = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuffer.append(data);
stringBuffer.append("\n");
}
result = stringBuffer.toString();
//判断是否获取到数据
if (result == null) {
System.out.println("NULL!!!!");
} else {
analysisText(result);
}
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
}
}
最后我用红字强调一下做这个demo我一开始失败了好多次的地方：
1.Cookie信息获取要在获取验证码时同时获取。
2.如果线程操作封装成类的话会造成SharedPreferences绑定content失败。
3.对HTML源码进行解析的时候我尝试将解析方法写成一个函数，但是会出现一些未捕获的错误而导致程序崩溃，因此我把解析步骤也放到了新线程中。
点我下载一键获取课程成绩源码
欢迎关注我的博客：http://www.bubblyyi.com
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微信扫一扫~听说打赏我的人，都进了福布斯排行榜！
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